Intestinal microbiota metabolism of l carnitine, a nutrient in red meat, promotes atherosclerosis Nature Medicine Dietary allicin reduces transformation of L carnitine to TMAO through impact on gut microbiota ScienceDirect Trimethylamine N oxide (TMAO) is a small molecule produced in humans primarily by the gut liver axis and has become an important biomarker, and possible mediator, of cardiometabolic and renal disease. Dietary choline, phosphatidylcholine ( The Role of Trimethylamine N Oxide as a Mediator of Cardiovascular Complications in Chronic Kidney Disease James Tomlins TMAO: Why It Increases & Factors That May Reduce TMAO levels SelfDecode Labs